Chrysler Airflow: A Comprehensive Guide
The Chrysler Airflow remains one of the most historically significant and visually striking vehicles ever produced by the American automotive industry. Introduced in 1934, the Airflow represented a radical departure from the boxy, upright designs that dominated the market at the time. Conceived under the leadership of Chrysler's chief engineer, Carl Breer, the Airflow was a product of extensive wind tunnel testing and represented an early attempt to incorporate aerodynamic principles into automotive design. While ultimately unsuccessful commercially during its short production run, the Airflow's influence on future automotive design, safety features, and manufacturing techniques is undeniable. It is considered a large car, aimed at the upper-middle class and luxury markets of the time.
Generations
First Generation (1934-1937)
- Years: 1934-1937
- Key Changes:
- 1934: Initial launch with streamlined bodywork, unibody construction (a rarity for the time), and weight distribution heavily biased towards the front axle. Available in two body lengths, designated CU and CV.
- 1935: Styling refinements including a revised grille and hood ornament. Marketing push focusing on safety.
- 1936: Introduction of the Airstream models, a more conventionally styled alternative, effectively diluting the Airflow's unique identity.
- 1937: Final year of production. Minor trim changes. Production numbers dwindled due to poor sales.
Reliability & Common Issues
The Airflow, despite its advanced design, suffered from several reliability and production-related issues. This contributed to its poor sales and tarnished its reputation. Keep in mind when analyzing these issues, that these cars are now quite old, and condition is highly variable.
Unibody Construction Challenges
The unibody construction, while innovative, presented manufacturing challenges. Welding techniques of the time were not as advanced, leading to inconsistent panel fit and finish. Rust was (and remains) a significant concern, particularly in areas prone to moisture accumulation. Look for rust in the floors, rocker panels, and around the windshield and rear window.
Front-Heavy Weight Distribution
The Airflow's unique weight distribution, with more weight over the front axle, affected handling characteristics. While intended to improve ride quality, it sometimes resulted in a "nose-heavy" feel. The front suspension and steering components were subjected to increased stress, leading to accelerated wear. Check the condition of the front suspension, including ball joints, control arm bushings, and steering linkages.
Mechanical Components
The Airflow predominantly utilized Chrysler's proven inline-six and inline-eight cylinder engines. While generally reliable for the era, issues can arise due to age and neglect. Common problems include:
- Engine Issues: Carburetor problems, cooling system leaks (radiator, hoses, water pump), and oil leaks are common in older engines. Compression testing is crucial.
- Transmission Issues: The manual transmissions, while robust, can suffer from wear and tear on the gears and synchronizers. Listen for unusual noises during shifting.
- Braking System: The hydraulic drum brakes, standard for the time, require frequent maintenance. Inspect brake lines, wheel cylinders, and the master cylinder for leaks and corrosion. Conversion to a modern brake system is a common modification.
- Electrical System: The original 6-volt electrical system can be problematic. Wiring insulation degrades over time, leading to shorts and malfunctions. Conversion to a 12-volt system is often recommended.
Driving Experience
Driving an Airflow is a unique experience, distinct from other cars of its era. Its streamlined shape cuts through the air more efficiently, resulting in improved fuel economy and reduced wind noise (compared to its contemporaries). The ride quality is generally smooth, although the handling can feel heavy and less responsive than modern vehicles. The large windows provide excellent visibility. However, keep in mind these are old cars that may not behave like modern ones.
Pros:
- Unique Styling: A true head-turner, instantly recognizable and a conversation starter.
- Relatively Comfortable Ride: The long wheelbase and well-cushioned seats provide a comfortable ride for passengers.
- Historical Significance: A rare and important piece of automotive history.
Cons:
- Challenging to Maintain: Parts can be difficult to find and expensive. Requires specialized knowledge and expertise.
- Reliability Issues: Prone to mechanical problems due to its age and the inherent challenges of its early design.
- Expensive: Well-preserved examples can command high prices due to their rarity and historical value.
- Handling: The older engineering can make handling less than desirable compared to modern cars.
Buying Advice
Purchasing a Chrysler Airflow is a significant investment, both financially and in terms of time and effort. It's crucial to do your research and approach the purchase with realistic expectations.
What to Look For:
- Completeness: The more complete the car is, the better. Missing parts can be extremely difficult and costly to source.
- Originality: While modifications are common, originality is generally valued by collectors. Look for examples with original engines, transmissions, and interior components.
- Rust-Free Examples: Finding an Airflow with minimal rust is a major advantage. Thoroughly inspect the undercarriage, floors, and body panels for signs of corrosion.
- Documentation: Any documentation, such as original sales brochures, service records, or ownership history, can add value and provide insights into the car's past.
Years to Consider:
- 1934: The first year of production, and a significant piece of automotive history. These cars are highly sought after by collectors.
- 1935: Refinements were made to the styling and safety features.
Years to Potentially Avoid (or Approach with Caution):
- 1936-1937: While not inherently "bad", the introduction of the Airstream models diluted the uniqueness of the Airflow. Also, production numbers were declining.
- Cars in poor structural conditionAny Airflow with severe rust or significant structural damage should be approached with extreme caution. Restoration can be prohibitively expensive.
Important Considerations:
- Professional Inspection: Before making a purchase, have the car thoroughly inspected by a qualified mechanic with experience in pre-war vehicles.
- Community Resources: Join Airflow owner clubs and online forums to connect with other enthusiasts, share information, and access valuable resources.
- Budget Wisely: Factor in the cost of potential repairs, maintenance, and restoration when determining your budget. Be prepared for unexpected expenses.
- Be Patient: Finding the right Airflow can take time. Don't rush into a purchase. Wait for an example that meets your needs and budget.
The Chrysler Airflow is a challenging but rewarding classic car to own. Its innovative design, historical significance, and distinctive styling make it a true automotive icon. With careful research, a realistic budget, and a passion for vintage automobiles, you can experience the unique pleasures of owning and driving a Chrysler Airflow.
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