The Porsche 928: A Grand Touring Icon
The Porsche 928, produced from 1978 to 1995, represents a significant departure from Porsche's traditional sports car focus. Conceived as a potential replacement for the iconic 911, the 928 was a front-engined, water-cooled V8 grand tourer designed to offer performance, comfort, and luxury in equal measure. While it never eclipsed the 911 in popularity, the 928 has earned its place as a highly desirable and technologically advanced classic, appreciated for its unique design, impressive performance, and comfortable long-distance cruising capabilities.
Generations & Key Changes
- Series 1 (1978-1982):
These early models featured a 4.5L V8 producing around 219-240 hp (depending on market and year). Bosch K-Jetronic fuel injection was used. Styling was relatively simple, with "shark" fin rear spoiler and integrated bumpers. Transmissions were either a 5-speed manual or a 3-speed automatic.
- 928S (1980-1986):
Introduced in 1980 in some markets (and globally by 1983), the 928S brought a larger 4.7L V8, increasing power to around 300 hp. Later S models (from 1985-86) received a significant upgrade with a 5.0L, 32-valve engine delivering around 288-310 hp. Exterior changes included a redesigned front and rear spoiler for improved aerodynamics.
- 928S4 (1987-1991):
The 928S4 was a major evolution, featuring a redesigned cylinder head with four valves per cylinder, increasing power to 316 hp. Improved cooling and electronics were also implemented. The exterior received subtle updates, including a smoother front fascia and redesigned rear spoiler. ABS became standard.
- 928GT (1989-1991):
Offered alongside the S4, the GT was a sportier variant with a standard 5-speed manual transmission (the S4 was primarily automatic), a limited-slip differential, and a slightly higher power output (also 316 hp, but with a more aggressive power delivery). The GT also had a more performance-oriented suspension setup.
- 928GTS (1992-1995):
The final and most powerful iteration of the 928. Engine displacement was increased to 5.4L, boosting power to 345 hp. The GTS featured wider rear fenders, a larger rear spoiler, and a red reflector panel between the taillights. It represented the pinnacle of 928 development and is the most sought-after variant.
Reliability & Common Issues
While the 928 is a robust car when properly maintained, potential buyers should be aware of several common issues that can be expensive to address. Pre-purchase inspection by a qualified Porsche mechanic is absolutely essential.
Engine
- Timing Belt and Water Pump: The timing belt is critical for engine function, and failure can result in catastrophic engine damage. Replacement is recommended every 4 years or 48,000 miles (whichever comes first). The water pump should be replaced concurrently. This is a major service item.
- Cooling System: The 928's cooling system is complex and prone to leaks, especially in the radiator, hoses, and thermostat housing. Overheating can cause serious damage. Inspect for corrosion and coolant leaks.
- Oil Leaks: Valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, and front crankshaft seal are common sources of oil leaks. These should be addressed promptly.
- Fuel Injection System: Early K-Jetronic systems can be problematic. Later LH-Jetronic systems are generally more reliable but can still suffer from sensor failures and fuel injector issues.
Transmission
- Automatic Transmissions: Early 3-speed automatic transmissions are less desirable and can be prone to failure. The later 4-speed automatic is more robust. Fluid changes are crucial for longevity.
- Manual Transmissions: The 5-speed manual is generally reliable, but synchros can wear, especially in high-mileage cars. Clutch replacement can be costly.
Electrical System
- Wiring Harness: Like many cars of this era, the 928's wiring harness can suffer from degradation of the insulation, leading to shorts and electrical gremlins.
- Central Warning System: The CWS can be overly sensitive and prone to false alarms.
- Power Seats and Windows: These systems can be complex and prone to failure.
Suspension and Brakes
- Rear Suspension: The 928's rear suspension is complex and can be expensive to repair. Ball joints and bushings should be inspected for wear.
- Brakes: The braking system is powerful but can be expensive to maintain. ABS systems (on later models) can be prone to issues.
Body and Interior
- Corrosion: Check for rust, especially in the undercarriage, wheel wells, and around the sunroof (if equipped).
- Interior Condition: Leather interiors can show wear and tear, especially on the seats and dashboard. Sun damage is common.
- Pop-up Headlights: The headlight mechanism can fail over time.
Driving Experience
The Porsche 928 offers a unique driving experience that blends performance with comfort. The V8 engine provides ample power and torque, delivering strong acceleration. The handling is surprisingly agile for a large car, thanks to its well-engineered suspension and near 50/50 weight distribution.
Pros:
- Powerful V8 Engine: Excellent performance and torque.
- Comfortable Ride: Suitable for long-distance driving.
- Unique Styling: Distinctive and recognizable design.
- Well-Engineered Handling: Agile and responsive for its size.
Cons:
- Complex Maintenance: Can be expensive to repair.
- Potentially High Running Costs: Fuel consumption and maintenance can be significant.
- Parts Availability: Some parts can be difficult and expensive to source, especially for early models.
Buying Advice
Purchasing a Porsche 928 requires careful consideration and due diligence. Here's some advice for potential buyers:
- Best Years: 1987-1995 (S4, GT, and GTS models) offer the most refined driving experience and improved reliability. The GTS (1992-1995) is the most desirable but also the most expensive.
- Years to Be Cautious Of: Early models (1978-1982) can be more challenging to maintain due to their age and the less reliable K-Jetronic fuel injection system.
- Condition is Key: Prioritize a well-maintained example over one with lower mileage but neglected maintenance.
- Pre-Purchase Inspection: Have a qualified Porsche mechanic perform a thorough pre-purchase inspection. Compression test, leak-down test, and a thorough check of the cooling system are essential.
- Service History: Look for a car with a complete service history, documenting all maintenance and repairs.
- Budget Wisely: Factor in the cost of potential repairs and maintenance when budgeting for a 928. Set aside funds for deferred maintenance items.
- Consider the Transmission: If you prefer a manual transmission, the 928GT is the obvious choice. If you prefer an automatic, the later 4-speed is generally more reliable than the early 3-speed.
- Check for Rust: Thoroughly inspect the car for rust, especially in areas prone to corrosion.
- Don't be Afraid to Walk Away: If you have any doubts about a particular car, don't be afraid to walk away. There are plenty of 928s available on the market.