Dodge Custom | History, Reliability & Buying Guide

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The Dodge Custom: A Comprehensive Guide

The Dodge Custom, primarily produced from 1949 to 1959, represents a significant period in Dodge's history. Positioned as a mid-range offering in the Dodge lineup, it served as a reliable and stylish family car, bridging the gap between the entry-level Coronet and the premium Royal. Its appeal lay in its affordability, spaciousness, and respectable performance, making it a popular choice for American families during the postwar boom. While not a high-performance vehicle or a luxury car, the Custom embodied the essence of dependable transportation of its era.

Generations of the Dodge Custom

First Generation (1949-1952):

Key Characteristics: These early models featured a rounded, "ponton" body style characteristic of the late 1940s. Engine options were primarily inline-sixes, offering modest power. Notable features included a split windshield and relatively simple interiors. This generation marked Dodge's significant redesign after World War II.

Major Changes: Minimal year-to-year changes focused on trim and minor styling tweaks.

Second Generation (1953-1954):

Key Characteristics: A major restyling brought a more squared-off appearance, reflecting the evolving automotive design trends. The windshield became a single piece, enhancing visibility. Engine options remained largely unchanged.

Major Changes: The most significant change was the updated body design, with a stronger horizontal emphasis. 1954 models received slight trim revisions.

Third Generation (1955-1956):

Key Characteristics: This generation saw the introduction of Chrysler's "Forward Look" styling, penned by Virgil Exner. It featured a longer, lower stance and more prominent tailfins. V8 engines became increasingly available and popular, adding significantly to performance.

Major Changes: The '55 Custom received a completely redesigned body. The '56 model year brought subtle refinements to the styling, including updated grille and trim.

Fourth Generation (1957-1959):

Key Characteristics: The "Forward Look" was further refined, resulting in even more pronounced tailfins and a sleeker overall design. Engine options expanded to include more powerful V8s. Interior appointments were also upgraded. This was arguably the most visually striking generation of the Custom.

Major Changes: The '57 model had a distinctive, almost flamboyant design. 1958 and 1959 models saw moderate revisions to the front and rear styling, with the '59 featuring dual headlights and even larger tailfins.

Reliability & Common Issues

As classic cars, Dodge Customs are prone to issues related to age and wear. Understanding these potential problems is crucial for any prospective buyer:

Engine

Slant Six (where applicable): Known for its durability, but can suffer from oil leaks and worn valve guides in older examples. Look for blue smoke from the exhaust as a sign of worn valve guides.

Early V8 Engines: These engines, while robust, can experience issues such as carburetor problems, ignition system malfunctions, and overheating due to clogged radiators. A thorough inspection of the cooling system is essential.

All Engines: Age-related issues like worn piston rings, resulting in oil consumption and decreased compression, are common. A compression test is highly recommended before purchase.

Transmission

Fluid Drive and PowerFlite Transmissions (early models): These early automatic transmissions can be complex and prone to leaks. Shifting should be smooth; any hesitation or slippage indicates a problem. Parts can be challenging to find.

TorqueFlite Transmissions (later models): More reliable than the earlier automatics, but still susceptible to wear and tear. Check for smooth shifting and the absence of leaks.

Manual Transmissions: Known for their reliability, but clutch wear and synchro issues are possible.

Suspension & Brakes

Suspension: Leaf springs can sag with age, affecting ride quality and handling. Worn shocks and bushings are also common. Squeaks and rattles from the suspension indicate worn components.

Brakes: Drum brakes were standard. Inspect for worn brake shoes, leaking wheel cylinders, and properly functioning emergency brake. Upgrading to disc brakes is a popular modification for improved safety.

Body & Rust

Rust: A major concern, especially in areas with road salt. Check the lower body panels, floorboards, trunk, and around the wheel wells for rust. Repairing rust can be expensive and time-consuming.

Body Panels: Ensure panels are straight and free from significant dents or damage. Misaligned panels may indicate previous accidents or poor repairs.

Chrome: Original chrome trim can be expensive to replace or restore. Assess the condition of bumpers, grille, and other chrome pieces.

Electrical System

Wiring: Original wiring can become brittle and prone to shorts. Inspect the wiring for damage or deterioration.

Lights and Gauges: Ensure all lights and gauges are functioning correctly. Faulty gauges can indicate underlying mechanical problems.

Driving Experience

The driving experience of a Dodge Custom is very much a product of its time. It offers a comfortable, albeit somewhat floaty, ride typical of 1950s American cars.

Pros:

Comfortable Ride: The suspension is designed for smooth cruising, soaking up bumps effectively.

Spacious Interior: Plenty of room for passengers and cargo, making it a practical family car.

Classic Styling: The "Forward Look" designs of the later models are particularly eye-catching and iconic.

Relatively Simple Mechanics: Easier to work on than modern cars, making them appealing to DIY enthusiasts.

Cons:

Handling: Not designed for sporty handling. Body roll is significant in corners.

Braking: Drum brakes can feel inadequate by modern standards, especially in emergency situations.

Fuel Economy: Expect poor fuel economy, especially with V8 engines.

Parts Availability: Some parts can be difficult and expensive to source.

Buying Advice

Purchasing a classic Dodge Custom requires careful consideration. Here's some advice to help you make an informed decision:

What to Look For:

Well-Preserved Examples: Cars that have been properly stored and maintained are generally a better investment.

Complete and Original Cars: Restoring a car from scratch can be costly. Cars with original parts, even if they need some work, are often preferable.

Solid Body: Prioritize a car with minimal rust. Bodywork is one of the most expensive aspects of restoration.

Documentation: Any records of maintenance or repairs are valuable.

What to Avoid:

Extensive Rust: Severely rusted cars are best avoided unless you have significant restoration skills and resources.

Major Mechanical Issues: Cars with serious engine or transmission problems can be costly to repair.

Incomplete Cars: Missing parts can be difficult and expensive to replace.

Modified Cars (unless well-documented): Modifications can sometimes hide underlying problems or detract from the car's originality and value. However, well-documented, professionally performed modifications can be acceptable.

Specific Years:

1957-1959 Models: These "Forward Look" models are generally more desirable due to their distinctive styling and available V8 engines. However, they may also command a higher price.

1955-1956 Models: These are also strong contenders and offer a slightly less flamboyant, but still stylish, alternative.

Pre-Purchase Inspection:

Before making a purchase, have the car inspected by a qualified mechanic who is familiar with classic cars. They can identify potential problems that may not be apparent to the untrained eye. A compression test, brake inspection, and thorough examination of the body and frame are essential.

Buying a Dodge Custom can be a rewarding experience, providing a glimpse into a bygone era of American automotive history. By carefully considering these factors, you can find a classic car that will provide years of enjoyment.
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